Researchers at UW–Madison spanning Electrical and Computer Engineering, Biochemistry, Surgery, and Animal & Dairy Sciences report a gas-bubble mixing approach that improves the uniformity and speed of cold atmospheric plasma treatment for chemical and biological liquids. The design leverages the gentle laminar wake created by a controlled, single rising bubble to enhance mixing while maintaining plasma stability at the liquid surface—addressing a persistent challenge in plasma–liquid interactions. The work builds on the Plasma-Induced Modification of Biomolecules (PLIMB) platform (patented through WARF) and was highlighted as the final front cover of the year in Materials Advances (Royal Society of Chemistry; 10.1039/D5MA00963D).
